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| April 1st, 1936 will always remain etched in golden letters in the history of Orissa, as on this date both the state of Orissa and the Orissa Police were born. The new state was formed by taking some portions of Madras presidency and Central province. The new province constituted of six districts. |
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| Perhaps, police administration , in some form or the other, has been in-vogue since the inception of human civilization. In the context of our country, a brief mention about policing is found in “Manu Smruti” codified by Manu, the great law- giver. Kautilya, a great scholar and diplomat of the Mauryan period described the duties and functions of the police in “ARTHA SHASTRA”. In the ancient state of Kalinga “Atabika “ police were being employed to control civic unrest. During those days the police officials were known as “RAKSHIMAAH”. |
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| During the medieval period successive rulers like Ananga Bhim Dev, Pratap Rudra Dev, Mukunda Dev etc., used “DANDA PAIKAS” for policing in their jurisdiction. However, during the Moghul period the police administration was under the charge of ’Kotwal’ whose duty was to maintain order and peace in his jurisdiction. |
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| After Moghuls and Afghans the Marathas ruled over Orissa for about a century. They continued with the system of village police introduced by the Moghuls. However, with the advent of the Britishers a new system of policing was introduced in Orissa from 1803. During the British rule , the land holders and Jamindars were required to appoint and maintain police force within their respective estates. In 1829, the post of Supdt. of Police, was abolished and the office of the Magistrate was transferred from the judge to the Collector. The Magistrate was the controlling officer of the police who were known as Darogas. In fact, Darogas enjoyed absolute powers. |
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| There was widespread discontentment against the police tyranny in 1855 in Madras. In 1857 the Paikas openly revolted against the British rule. As a result of these developments a commission was set up by the House of Commons to enquire into the administration of justice and the police system in India. Based on the recommendations of the Commission the police Act (Act V of 1861) was passed which is the basis for policing till date not only in Orissa but also in most parts of the country. |
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| In 1936 the Orissa Police was formed in sync with formation of the state of Orissa which comprised of 4000 policemen approx. of all ranks taken together. Since the police personnel belonged to three different, heterogeneous police forces namely Bihar – Orissa, Madras presidency and Central provinces, some genuine difficulties were being faced by the police administration in managing the force. Moreover, a good number of policemen returned to Madras and Central provinces which led to dislocation in police work for sometime. |
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| Mr. E.A.O. Perkin was the first I.G. of Police of Orissa Police and Mr. I.C. Mcnally was the first A.I.G. of Police who was also in-charge of the Criminal Investigation Department (CID). |
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| There were 8 Ss.P in the province out of which six were in charge of six districts and remaining two Ss.P were in-charge of the Railways and the CID. |
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| In 1937, there was a general election in which the Congress party won 36 seats out of 66 assembly seats. Since the Congress was unwilling to form a Govt., an interim Govt., was formed which was headed by the Maharaja of Paralakhemundi. Thus, on 19.7.1937 Orissa Police came under a popular Govt., for the first time. Between 1939 to 1945, due to out break of the world war –II, the police was under great strain due to multifarious activities relating to the war efforts of the Govt. and various agitational activities undertaken by the Congress from time to time. During this period some trained signalmen were sent from the Ganjam armed police to take part in the war though many other officers and men who had volunteered for military service were not allowed to join the armed forces as the Govt., could not afford to weaken the civil administration. |
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The Orissa Police Manual Rules (PMR) was compiled in 1940 as a hand manual dealing with powers, functions and duties of the police at various levels. |
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| [2]. On 15 th August,1947 India achieved independence. With the ushering in of independence, the Orissa Police became a people’s police, a significant departure from being a colonial police. Mr. J.E. Pearman became the 1 st Inspector General of Police of the State after the Independence. |
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| In 1948, 25 feudatory states were merged with Orissa, thus increasing the geographical size of the state significantly. With the integration of the princely states in Orissa the number of districts became 11. In 1949, the state of Mayurbhanj was merged into Orissa and it became a district of the southern police range. However, later it was included in the northern range w.e.f. 1.1.1950, for administrative convenience. In Nov’ 1949 the district of Kalahandi consisting of Dhama Nagar sub-division of the then Bolangir district and Nuapada sub- division of Sambalpur district was included in the northern range. Thus , the numbers of districts increased to 13. Of the two ranges the northern range, having its Hqrs. at Sambalpur comprised of Sambalpur, Bolangir, Dhenkanal, Sundargarh, Mayurbhanj, Keonjhar and Kalahandi districts and OMP 2 nd Bn., and Police Training College at Angul. The Southern range with its Hqrs. at Cuttack, comprised of Cuttack, Puri, Balasore, Ganjam, Koraput and Phulbani districts and the OMP 1 st Bn., . The Railway police force remained under the control of D.I.G. Southern range but it was subsequently brought under the D.I.G. CID, w.e.f. 1.3.1950. |
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| After retirement of Mr. Pearman on 31.3.1948 Mr. C.M. Wright Neville became the I.G. of Police. After Mr. Neville, Mr. B.Roy took over charge as I.G. of Police on 19.8.51. After his retirement on 11.10.1958 Sri R.C. Dash took charge of I.G. of Police. |
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| In 1955, the new capital of the state was established at Bhubaneswar. |
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| A new police range was created at Berhampur w.e.f. 1.1.1960 |
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Sri R.C.Das left the office of I.G.P. on 16.5.1960 and joined as a member of the Orissa Pay Committee. He was succeeded by Sri J.C. Ghosh as I.G. of Police. |
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| After Sri J.C. Ghosh, Sri S.K.Ghosh (29.3.64 to 21.3.67), Sri R.K.Padhi, IP (21.3.67 to 24.9.67), Sri J.C.Ghosh IPS, (25,9.67 to 14.1.68) Sri R.K.Padhi (14.1.68 to 14.1.69), Sri R.K.Padhi, IP (29.1.69 to 28.2.69), Sri R.K.Padhi, IP (22.3.69 to 7.8.69), Shri B.B.Mishra, IPS (7.8.69 to 22.1.73), Shri R.K.Padhi, IPS (22.1.73 to 20.1.74), Shri N.Chand, IPS (20.1.74 to 16.8.74), Shri N.Swain,IPS(16.8.74 to 19.5.77), Shri B.K.Roy,IPS (19.5.77 to 10.7.79), Sri C.S.Padhi, IPS (10.7.79 to 21.4.80), Shri N.Swain, IPS, first DGP,Orissa (21.4.80 to 31.7.83), Shri S.S.Padhi,IPS (31.7.83 to 5.4.85) Sri B.K.Panigrahi,IPS (5.4.85 to 31.8.86) Shri S.S.Padhi,IPS (31.8.86 to 26.8.87), Sri P.C.Ratho,IPS( 26.8.87 to 18.12.89), Shri S.Sinha, IPS (18.12.89 to 22.5.90), Shri D.N.Singh,IPS (22.5.90 to 31.1.91) Sri S.N.Mishra,IPS (31.1.91 to 3.7.91), Shri P.C.Ratho,IPS (3.7.91 to 30.12.92), Shri S.C.Mishra,IPS (30.10.92 to 18.1.94), Shri R.N.Mohapatra,IPS (18.1.94 to 15.11.95), Sri A.B.Tripathy,IPS (16.11.95 to 31.10.97), Dr.B.B.Panda,IPS (31.10.97 to 5.3.99), Shri D.K.Mohapatra,IPS (5.3.99 to 12.10.99) Dr.B.B.Panda, IPS (12.10.99 to 10.3.2000), Sri S.K.Chatterjee,IPS(10.3.2000 to 30.4.2001), Shri K.D.Bajpai,IPS (30.4.01 to 31.7.01), Shri N.C.Padhi,IPS (31.7.01 to 31.7.04),Shri B.B.Mishra,IPS (31.7.04 to 30.6.05), Shri Suchit Das,IPS (30.6.05 to 1.9.06) and Shri Amarananda Pattanayak,IPS (1.9.06 to 31.10.07) became the chiefs of the Orissa Police. After Shri Amarananda Pattanayak,IPS, Shri Gopal Chandra Nanda,IPS has taken over as D.G. & I.G of Police since 1.11.2007 A.M. |
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